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Export competition and export subsidies: Provisions of Agreement on Agriculture

Guest post by: African Development Bank

Article Overview: Domestic support and export subsidy policies have been employed largely by developed economies to protect their agricultural sectors.

Free Download - References: Human Capital and Economic Development By African Development Bank
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Export competition and export subsidies: Provisions of Agreement on Agriculture

Domestic support and export subsidy policies have been employed largely by developed
economies to protect their agricultural sectors. Under the Export Competition commitments,
each member undertakes not to provide export subsidies or any financial contribution other
than in conformity with the Agreement and with the commitments as specified in that
member's schedule. The financial contribution may involve a direct transfer of funds,
potential direct transfers (such as loan guarantees), the forging of revenue by the
government, or the public provision of goods and services, other than infrastructure, or the
government purchase of goods; or any form of income or price support. The Agreement
prohibits subsidies contingent upon export performance or upon the use of domestic goods
in preference to imported goods. GATT members have also entered into commitment to
reduce those classes of subsidies specified in the Agreement as actionable with accompanying target dates and a desired level of action required. The bound reduced of
export subsidies are defined in Article 9(1) of the Agreement. These are to be reduced by
24% in terms of value (budget outlays) and 14% in volume over a 10-year period by
developing countries. For developed countries, the corresponding figures are 36% and 21%
over 6 years.

African Development Bank
Economic Research Working Paper Series
Enhancing Africa’s Trade: From Marginalization
to an Export-Led Approach to Development
Milton A. Iyoha
Professor, Department of Economics & Statistics
University of Benin, Nigeria
Economic Research Working Paper
No 77 (August 2005)

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Article Tags: african development bank, agricultural sectors, article 9, budget outlays, department of economics, direct transfers, export competition, export performance, export subsidies, export subsidy, gatt members, government purchase, marginalization, professor department, public provision, subsidy policies, target dates, university of benin, university of benin nigeria, value budget

About the Author: African Development Bank
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The African Development Bank is the premier financial development institution of Africa, dedicated to combating poverty and improving the lives of people of the continent and engaged in the task of mobilizing resources towards the economic and social progress of its Regional Member Countries.The Bank’s s mission is to promote economic and social development through loans, equity investments, and technical assistance. The ADB is a multilateral development bank whose shareholders include 53 African countries and 24 non-African countries from the Americas, Asia, and Europe. It was established in 1964, with its headquarters in Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire, and officially began operations in 1967.

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