7.3.3 Reconceptualising the role of training: Mainstreaming skills development for the poor
7.3.3 Reconceptualising the role of training: Mainstreaming skills development for the poor
Equally important, the conventional training process needs to be transformed in order for the actual skills needs of the poor to be effectively addressed. Training must be directly linked to the development needs of clearly identified groups among the poor. These needs must be identified by the poor themselves using appropriate participatory research and evaluation methodologies.
There is an emerging consensus that skills development for the poor must be part and parcel of community-based economic and political development. Communities need to mobilise around specific "development alternatives" that address key political, social, and economic constraints. Skills development should be driven by a 'people-centred' pedagogy' which maximises locally available skills and empowers the poor to learn for themselves. Support for skills development should be directly linked to the actual skills needs of the poor and, invariably, will need to be closely related to on-going production activities.
It is particularly important to avoid what has been referred to as the "replicability imperative" in policy discourse and formulation. This has led to "forms, design, and delivery of a range of interventions which embody values, assume priorities, attribute beliefs, attribute benefits and require conditions which are removed from the realities of those the interventions are purportedly intended to benefit" (Kabeer, 1994:8). To do so, requires high levels of participation among the targeted beneficiaries in the design of interventions and decentralised decision making in all phases of execution.
Extreme care should also be exercised in the use of new innovative training methods. The introduction of pupil-centred, active learning methodologies in primary schools in developing countries has been largely unsuccessful, in particular because of the poor quality of teachers, the limitations of cascade training models, and lack of powerful enough incentives to introduce major changes to teaching practice (See Al-Samarrai et al, 1998).
EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING
PAPERS
43
Learning to change: Skills
development among the
economically vulnerable and
socially excluded in
developing countries
Paul Bennell
Employment and Training Department
International Labour Office Geneva
First published 1999
733 Reconceptualising the role of training Mainstreaming skills development for the poor - To learn more about this author, visit International Labour Organization's Website.
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The whole concept of training should be reformulated more in terms of purposeful skills development based on a variety of modalities/interventions and not just conventional, formal training courses. Because 'training' frequently has pejorative connotations, serious thought should be given to replacing it with other terms. 'Skills development' is generally preferable with 'facilitators' (rather than trainers) in appropriate supporting roles.
Equally important, the conventional training process needs to be transformed in order for the actual skills needs of the poor to be effectively addressed. Training must be directly linked to the development needs of clearly identified groups among the poor. These needs must be identified by the poor themselves using appropriate participatory research and evaluation methodologies.
There is an emerging consensus that skills development for the poor must be part and parcel of community-based economic and political development. Communities need to mobilise around specific "development alternatives" that address key political, social, and economic constraints. Skills development should be driven by a 'people-centred' pedagogy' which maximises locally available skills and empowers the poor to learn for themselves. Support for skills development should be directly linked to the actual skills needs of the poor and, invariably, will need to be closely related to on-going production activities.
It is particularly important to avoid what has been referred to as the "replicability imperative" in policy discourse and formulation. This has led to "forms, design, and delivery of a range of interventions which embody values, assume priorities, attribute beliefs, attribute benefits and require conditions which are removed from the realities of those the interventions are purportedly intended to benefit" (Kabeer, 1994:8). To do so, requires high levels of participation among the targeted beneficiaries in the design of interventions and decentralised decision making in all phases of execution.
Extreme care should also be exercised in the use of new innovative training methods. The introduction of pupil-centred, active learning methodologies in primary schools in developing countries has been largely unsuccessful, in particular because of the poor quality of teachers, the limitations of cascade training models, and lack of powerful enough incentives to introduce major changes to teaching practice (See Al-Samarrai et al, 1998).
EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING
PAPERS
43
Learning to change: Skills
development among the
economically vulnerable and
socially excluded in
developing countries
Paul Bennell
Employment and Training Department
International Labour Office Geneva
First published 1999
733 Reconceptualising the role of training Mainstreaming skills development for the poor - To learn more about this author, visit International Labour Organization's Website.
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John BrennanJohn Brennan Ed.D. Dr. Brennan is President of Interpersonal Development, LLC, a training and development firm. Interpersonal Development has provided sales training and coaching to more than 3,000 sales reps from over 100 companies. A native of Australia, Dr. Brennan received his doctorate from the University of Rochester. His dissertation researched the effectiveness of Behavioral Modeling Technology in training people in interpersonal skills. While he has spent most of his career designing or delivering training, he was also a Vice-President of Sales of a training and development franchise with operations in 25 markets. Dr. Brennan has designed and delivered sales training in North America, Asia, Europe, Australia and the Middle East. He has been a guest speaker at numerous national and regional professional conferences. When Microsoft wanted Best Practices articles on sales for their web site, they called Dr. Brennan. The results are at http://office.microsoft.com/en-us/FX011387391033.aspx His firm’s clients have included Volvo, The Prudential, Merrill Lynch, Eastman Kodak, Gannett, Equifax Europe, the Economist Group and countless small businesses. - Visit John Brennan's Website |
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David AchesonDavid Acheson is the founder of DCJA Consultancy. DCJA Consultancy is a management consultancy business specialising in B2B sales consultancy. They offer bespoke and packaged sales consultancy including Sales Optimisation Review, Interim Sales Management, Sales & Marketing Review, 1:1 Sales & Management Staff Analysis, Management Training, Solution Sales Training, Creation of New Pay Plan, KPI's, run Customer Feedback Campaigns, assist with Recruitment, Coaching, Appraisals and set up Strategic Marketing Campaigns. David spent his early career in accountancy and then moved into sales in 1982, working in Office Equipment, IT, Advertising, Training, Outsourcing and Consultancy. He has held many Senior Positions in SMBs and Global Organisations including Head of Sales Operations & Head of Business Development. His knowledge, skills and great experience of the Sales Industry has led to David making keynote speeches and running educational sessions to key businesses through organisations including The Chamber of Commerce and Business Link. - Visit David Acheson's Website |
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Staging DivaDebra Gould, aka The Staging Diva®, is President of Six Elements Inc., an internationally recognized home staging company. Inspired by many requests from aspiring home stagers wanting to start similar businesses, Gould created the Staging Diva Home Staging Business Training Program. Gould has trained over 1000 Staging Diva Graduates worldwide to start staging businesses. Buying decorating and selling six of her own homes in four years lead to an interest in real estate staging which she turned into a career with the launch of sixelements.com in 2002. Since then she has staged hundreds of homes in addition to teaching home staging training. Gould is the author of several home staging resources including a series of popular ebooks made up of a Design Guide, Color Guide and Portfolio Guide. For more information about Debra Gould visit stagingdiva.com. - Visit Staging Diva's Website |
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Anne BarrAnne Barr has over 26 years experience in sales and marketing, six years as a franchisee. She has assisted over 367 business owners and purchasers to achieve their goals in career change, transition and exit strategy. She holds the designation of Certified Franchise Executive from the International Franchise Association, Certified Business Intermediary from the International Business Brokers Association and Board Certified Broker from the Texas Association of Business Brokers. Anne is active in professional organizations, networking groups and volunteers for non-profit entities. As owner/operator of four successful businesses, Anne has proven people skills and enjoys helping clients find the right "fit" in business ownership. Visit www.FranchiseOpportunitySpecialist.com for more information about me and my company. - Visit Anne Barr's Website |
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Cheryl MatthynssensCheryl is a life skills coach, licensed Chemical Dependency Counselor and a 20 year entrepreneur. Cheryl's dedication to achieving a life of balance led to her expanding her teaching from the simple managing of life's daily challenges to adding financial well being as well. A direct marketer with DrinkACT, she is gaining ground in the online community with her concepts of making sure business owners, entreprenuers and employees have well rounded life styles. She opened up a small affiliate site - The Balance Guide- to help others find resources for mental and emotional well being. Visit Cheryl's blog to see more of the diversity beyond business she has began offering online at www.thebalanceguide.blogspot.com - Visit Cheryl Matthynssens's Website |
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Leanne Hoagland-SmithAre your sales where you want them to be? Will you be one of the few who achieves sales or business success or one of the many who have failed to change? Are you tired of being told you are like everyone else? Then you may find my first book on sales of interest. Be the Red Jacket in the Sea of Gray Suits, The Keys to Unlocking Sales available at Amazon or at http://www.processspecialist.com/red-jacket.htm. This book is a reflection of my no-nonsense approach to improving sales to overall business results. If you are truly committed to making sustainable changes, then I can help you secure a positive return on your investment because I focus on executable solutions not telling you the problems you already know you have. From training to corporate (group) coaching to executive one on one coaching, my approach is to assess, create awareness, build a goal driven action plan and then execute. The bottom line question is "Not do you or your employees know it, but do you or they want to do it?" Please call for a free strategy session at 219.759.5601. - Visit Leanne Hoagland-Smith's Website |
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