Like this article? PLEASE +1 it! Evan Signature
Evan Carmichael Top Header
Share for a Cause









References: Learning to change: Skills development among the economically vulnerable and socially excluded in developing countries

Guest post by: International Labour Organization

Article Overview: References

Free Download - References: Learning to change: Skills development among the economically vulnerable and socially excluded in developing countries By International Labour Organization
Name: Email:

References: Learning to change: Skills development among the economically vulnerable and socially excluded in developing countries

Al-Samerrai, S. P.S. Bennell and C.L. Colclough. 1998. An evaluation of British aid to primary schooling. DFID:London.

Awashti, D. 1996. 'Vocational training and self-employment: The Indian experience', in Grierson and McKenzie.

Baidya, B.P.R. and G. Chaudhari. 1991. Women and training for rural gainful activities (TRUGA). ILO Training Policies Branch Discussion Paper 72.

Bakke-Sekke, S. 1996. 'Skills in the informal sector in Lima, Peru.' Adult Education and Development, 47.

Barwa, S. Structural adjustment policies and the urban informal sector in Ghana. ILO. Issues in Development discussion Paper No. £.

Bennell, P.S. with D. Furlong. 1998. 'Has Jomtien made any difference? Trends in donor funding for education and basic education since the late 1980s.' World Development, 26, 1.

Bennell, P.S and J. Segerstrom. 1998. 'Vocational education and training in developing countries: Has the World Bank got it right.?' International Journal of Educational Development, 18, 4.

Bennell, P.S. 1998. Reforming vocational education and training systems in Sub--Saharan Africa in the context of economic reform. Background paper for the ILO 1998-99 World Employment Report.

Bennell P.S., S. Bendera, S., E. Kimambo, S. Kiwia, F. Mukyanuzi, W. Parsalaw and J. Temu. 1998. Vocational education and training in Tanzania. DFID: London.

Bennell, P.S., G. Kanyanze, T. Mbiriyakura, N. Munetsi and J. Muzulul. 1998. Vocational education and training in Zimbabwe in the context of economic reform. DFID: London.

Bennell, P.S. 1996. Privatisation, choice and competition: the World Bank's reform agenda for vocational education and training in sub-Saharan Africa. Journal of International Development, 8, 3.

Bennell, P.S. 1996. 'General versus vocational secondary schooling in developing countries: a review of the rates of return evidence'. Journal of Development Studies, 33, 2.

Bennell, P.S. 1993. 'Vocational training in the LICs and MICs: Lessons for the New South Africa.' Education With Production, 10, 1.

Bennell, P.S. with D. Nyakonda. 1992. 'Training for self-employment? The performance of rural training centres in Zimbabwe.' International Journal of Educational Development, 12, 1.

Bennell, P.S. 1983. 'Professionalisation: The case of pharmacy in Ghana'. Social Science and Medicine. Vol.16.

Breman, J. 1996. Footloose labour. Cambridge University Press: London

Bryant, C.A. 1997. Training and employment programme for the war-affected populations: lessons from Mozambique. ILO: Geneva.

Buckley, D. 1997. 'Microfinance in Africa: Is it either the problem or the solution?' World Development, 25, 7.

Buffie. E.F. 1994. 'The long-run consequences of short-run stabilisation policy' in Horton, S. R. Kanbur and D. Mazumdar (eds.). Labour markets in an era of adjustment. Economic Development Institute Development Studies. World Bank: Washington, D.C.

Burckhardt, G. 1996. 'The situation of women in the informal sector: the example of Rwanda.' Adult Education and Development, 47.

Carvalho, S. and H. White. Implementing projects for the poor. World Bank Directions in Development. World Bank: Washington D.C.

De Moura Castro, C. 1996. The elusive fit between training and its demand. IDB: Washington D.C.

DANIDA. 1996. Evaluation report: Promoting poverty reduction in Danish development assistance. DANIDA: Copenhagen.

Dawson, J. and B. Oyekinka. 1993. 'Structural adjustment and the urban informal sector in Nigeria.' Urban and Informal Sector Programme, World Employment Programme Working Paper No. 65. ILO: Geneva.

Dawson, J. 1993. 'The impact of structural adjustment on the small enterprise sector: a comparison of the Ghanaian and Tanzanian experiences' in A.H.J. Helmsing and T. Kolstee (eds), Small enterprises and changing policies. ITDG: London.

Dike, E. Structural adjustment and small scale industrial entrepreneurs in South East Nigeria. UNRISD Discussion Paper No. 81. UNRISD: Geneva.

Ducci, M.A. 1994. Equity and productuvity of vocational training - the Latin American experience. ILO: CINTERFOR.

Fluitman, F. 1998. Training for work in the informal sector in developing countries: issues and good practice. ILO. Geneva. Mimeo.

Fluitman, F. (ed.). 1989. Training for the informal sector. ILO: Geneva.

Foster. P.J. 1968. 'The vocational school fallacy in development planning' in M. Blaug. Economics of education, vol 1. Harmondsworth: London.

Frost, D. 1991. Skills for life. Experiences of training in three developing countries. ITDG: London.

Gallagher, K and Mohammed-Bello Yunusa. 1996. Passing the buck: structural adjustment and the Nigerian urban informal sector. UNRISD: Geneva.

Gill, I. and F. Fluitman. 1998. Skills and change: constraints and innovation in the reform of vocational education and training. A World Bank/ILO study. World Bank: Washington.

Godfrey, M. 1997. 'Can training help disadvantaged groups in developing countries and the transitional economies?' ILO, mimeo. Background paper for the ILO World Employment Report. ILO: Geneva.

Goodale, G. 1989. 'Training for women in the informal sector' in F. Fluitman, 1989.

Gore, C. And J.B. Figueiredo (eds.). 1997. Social exclusion and anti-poverty policy: A debate. International Institute for Labour Studies, Research Series 110: Geneva.

Grierson J.P. and I. Mckenzie (eds.). 1996. Training for self-employment through vocational training institutions. ILO International Training Centre. ILO: Turin.

Harper, M. 1996. Urban planning and the informal sector. Regional Development Dialogue, 17, 6.

Harriss-White, B. 1996. The problem of disability and development with special reference to India. UNRISD Discussion Paper No. 75. UNRISD: Geneva.

ILO/CINTERFOR. 1997. Training and labour: past and present. CINTERFOR. Montevideo.

ILO/CINTERFOR: 1997. CINTERFOR/ILO report of activities:1996. CINTERFOR: Montevideo.

ILO/CINTERFOR: 1998. Por una segunda oportunidad: La formacion para el trabajo de jovenes vulnerables. CINTERFOR: Montevideo.

ILO/CINTERFOR: 1998. Juventud, educacion y empleo. CINTERFOR:Montevideo.

ILO/CINTERFOR. 1989. Vocational training on the threshold of the 1990s: A study of changes and innovations in specialised institutions in Latin America. CINTERFOR: Montevideo

ILO/STEP. Strategies and tools against social exclusion and poverty. International Programme Document 1998-2002. ILO: Geneva.

ILO: World Employment Report 1998-99 . Employability in the global economy. How training matters. ILO: Geneva.

ILO. 1998. Gender guidelines for employment and skills training in conflict-affected countries. Training Policies and Systems Branch. ILO: Geneva.

ILO. 1997. Jobs for Africa: Towards a programme of action. ILO: Geneva.

ILO. 1997. Vocational training and lifelong learning of women. ILO: Geneva.

ILO. 1996. Combating unemployment and exclusion: issues and policy options. Contribution to the G7 Employment Conference submitted by the Director General of the ILO. ILO: Geneva.

ILO. 1995. The urban informal sector in Asia: policies and strategies. ILO: Geneva.

ILO/ARTEP. 1994. Towards equalising opportunities for disabled people in Asia: a guide. ILO: Islamabad.

ILO. 1994. The rural informal sector in Asia: policies and strategies. ILO: Geneva.

ILO. 1990. Diversification of womens' training and employment opportunities: Bangladesh, India, Pakistan and Sri Lanka. ILO Training Policies Branch Discussion Paper No. 67.

Jumani, U. and G. Goodale. 1989. Women in the informal sector: training that makes a difference. ILO Training Policies Branch, Occasional Paper No. 3.

Kabeer, N. 1994. Reversed realities. Verso: London

Kabeer, N. (ed.) 1997. Introduction in IDS Bulletin on Women and Development. IDS: Brighton.

Kane, E. 1995. Integrating gender issues into vocational education and training. ILO: Geneva.

King. K. 1996. Training for self-employment through vocational training institutions: Lessons from experience. In Grierson and McKenzie, 1996.

King, K. 1994. Training for the urban informal sector: issues for practitioners. ILO, Vocational Training Branch Discussion Paper No. 18. ILO: Geneva.

Klitgaard, R. 1997. "Unanticipated consequences" in anti-poverty programs. World Development, 25, 12.

Kuiper, M. 1991. Women entrepreneurs in Africa. ILO Training Policies Branch Discussion Paper No. 68. ILO: Geneva.

Lalonde, R.T. 1995. The promise of public sector programmes.

Lim, L.L. 1996. More and better jobs fro women: an action guide. ILO: Geneva

McGrath S. And K. King. 1995. Education and training for the informal sector. ODA Education Research Series no. 11: London.

Malonado, C. 1996. PROMICRO: Un programme sous-regional de promotion des organisations structures et programmes d'appui a la microenterprise en Amerique Centrale. ILO: Geneva.

Maldonado, C. 1989. Self-training in theory and practice: the programme to support urban informal sector enterprises in French-speaking West Africa" in Fluitman, 1989, op.cit.

Malik, H.H. 1996. Urban poverty alleviation through development of the informal sector. Asia-Pacific Development Journal, 3 ,2.

Mead, D.C., T. Dichter, Y. Fisseha and S. Haggblade. 1990. Prospects for enhancing the performance of micro- and small scale non-farm enterprises in Niger. USAID: Washington

Middleton, J., A. Ziderman and A. van Adams. 1993. Skills for productivity: vocational education and training in developing countries. Oxford University Press: New York.

Morrison, C. 1995. What institutional framework for the informal sector? OECD Policy Briefing no. 10: Paris.

Moser. C. 1989. 'Gender planning in the Third World: Meeting practical and strategic gender needs.' World Development, 17, 11.

ODA. 1995. Small enterprise development strategy report. ODA: London

ODI. 1998. Promises to the poor: the record of European development agencies. ODI Poverty Briefing. ODI: London, November.

OXFAM. 1992. Income generating projects: a view from the grassroots. OXFAM: Oxford.

Parker, R.L., R. Riopelle and W.F. Steel. 1995. Small enterprises adjusting to liberalisation in five African countries. World Bank Africa Technical Department discussion Paper No. 271. World Bank: Washington.

Parker, R.L. and W.F. Steel. 1992 Small enterprises under adjustment in Senegal. World Bank: Washington D.C.

Prytz, M. L. 1995. Promoting women in non-traditional occupations: Bangladesh, India and Pakistan. ILO, Training Policies Branch Paper No. 66. ILO: Geneva.

Ramirez-Guerrero: 1996. Experiences in vocational trainng for self-employment in Colombia's Servicio Nacional De Apprenizaje (SENA). In Grierson and McKenzie 1996.

Rubery, J. 1998. Women and Training. ILO, mimeo. Background paper for 1998 World Employment Report.

Sanyal, B. 1996. Intention and outcome: formalization and its consequences. Regional Development Dialogue, 17, 5.

Steel, W.F. and L.M. Webster,. 1991. Small enterprises under adjustment in Ghana. World Bank Technical Paper No. 138. World Bank: Washington D.C.

Sunggooushorn, S and Nururl Amin, A.T.M. 1995. The informal sector's access to local government services: focus on Bangkok's slums. Regional Development Dialogue, 16, 2.

Tokman V.E. and E. Klein (eds.) 1996. Regulation and the informal sector. Rienner: Boulder.

Turnham, D. 1975. Employment and Development. OECD: Paris

UK, Department for International Development. 1998. Synthesis of evaluations to the enterprise development sector. DFID: London.

UNCHS. 1990.Building-related income generation for Women: Lessons from experience.

UNDP. 1998. Vocational training for the alleviation of poverty project in Cambodia. UNDP: Phnom Penh.

UNDP/ILO. 1997. Report of the evaluation mission. Vocational training for employment generation' by Dusit Duangsa. Phnom Penh.

UNICEF. 1998. The state of the world's children 1999: Education. UNICEF: New York.

Walsh, M. 1992. Education, training and the informal sector in Kenya. ILO Vocational Training Branch Discussion Paper 33.

Webster, L.M. R. Riopelle and A.M. Chidzero. 1996. Lending for small enterprises. World Bank Technical Paper 311. World Bank: Washington.

World Bank. 1997. Safety net programs and poverty reduction. World Bank Directions in Development. World Bank: Washington D.C.

World Bank, 1991. World Bank Policy Paper. Vocational and technical education and training. World Bank: Washington, D.C.

World Bank. 1996. Taking action for poverty reduction in Sub-Saharan Africa. World Bank: Washington.D.C.

World Bank. 1993. Constraints and innovations in vocational education and training. World Bank: Washington.

World Bank. 1995. Kenya: Employment growth and poverty alleviation. World Bank: Washington D.C.

World Bank. 1995. Priorities and strategies for education. A World Bank review. World Bank: Washington D.C.

World Bank. 1994. Kenya: Micro and small enterprise and technology project. World Bank Report 12275-KE. Washington D.C.

World Bank. 1992. Togo: Skills formation in the informal sector. World Bank: WashingtonD.C.

World Bank. 1991. Skill acquisition and work in the micro-enterprises:recent evidence from West Africa. World Bank:Washinton D.C.


EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING
PAPERS
43
Learning to change: Skills
development among the
economically vulnerable and
socially excluded in
developing countries
Paul Bennell
Employment and Training Department
International Labour Office Geneva
First published 1999

Related Articles
  3.2 The private sector: Training priorities, resources and reorientation
  2.1 Dimensions of crisis
  7.1 Making the case for reform: A pro-poor training strategy
  7.5.5 Vocationalising the school curriculum: Institutional design and capacity building
  5.3.2 Pre-employment: Public sector training

Home > African-Accounts > International Labour Organization > References Learning to change Skills development among the economically vulnerable and socially excluded in developing countries
Article Tags: africa journal, background paper, barwa, bendera, bennell, colclough, grierson, indian experience, kiwia, lics, new south africa, reform agenda, secondary schooling, segerstrom, south africa education, structural adjustment policies, sub saharan africa, urban informal sector, vocational education and training, world employment report

About the Author: International Labour Organization
RSS for International's articles - Visit International's website

As the world's only tripartite multilateral agency, the ILO is dedicated to bringing decent work and livelihoods, job-related security and better living standards to the people of both poor and rich countries. It helps to attain those goals by promoting rights at work, encouraging opportunities for decent employment, enhancing social protection and strengthening dialogue on work-related issues. The ILO is the international meeting place for the world of work. We are the experts on work and employment and particularly on the critical role that these issues play in bringing about economic development and progress. At the heart of our mission is helping countries build the institutions that are the bulwarks of democracy and to help them become accountable to the people. The ILO formulates international labour standards in the form of Conventions and Recommendations setting minimum standards of basic labour rights: freedom of association, the right to organize, collective bargaining, abolition of forced labour, equality of opportunity and treatment and other standards addressing conditions across the entire spectrum of work-related issues.

Click here to visit International's website
Dashed Line

More from International Labour Organization
41 Institutions markets and development Working Out of Poverty
63 Participatory skill development Forprofit and NGO training activities
51 The SME Development Policy SMEDP Support for Growthoriented Women Entrepreneurs in Tanzania 2005
80 Promotion of womens entrepreneurship Support for Growthoriented Women Entrepreneurs in Tanzania 2005
212 Lack of provision and system reorientation


Related Forum Posts
Starting Over Starting Over - Hi, I live in Australia and for the past 7 years I've been part of a consortium working in Australia and the UK on radical change in the education sector - developing ways of improving student engagement to the end of improving student, teacher, parent and school satisfaction and results. The results have been very positive and pretty amazing but my interests have been moving increasingly to my own expertise of developing leaders and facilitating change in people and organisations outside of the education sector. Therefore last October we agreed that I could remain part of the consortium but develop my own practice as well (the other two members are doing the same and its a good arrangement for all of us). I'm now facing the challenge of re-establishing myself and of developing a "web presence" - quite an interesting task for someone in their late 60's! Its fun and I'm learning a lot. I'd welcome any inputs or suggestions.
Looking for business partners. Looking for business partners. - Hello Entrepreneurs, I'm new to this forum. I am from India and looking for business partners and mentors for my ongoing business venture since last five years. Now we are expanding our business with different countries. The business is related to the Software development / website designing / ecommerce solutions /online marketing sector. Anyone who has management skills, entrepreneurship skills or who has experience in the software development sector, feel free to contact me. I am open to any discussion/suggestion and about my plan. Let’s get this business started.
World Recession World Recession - The latest recession has started to affect the main markets of the world but many predict it will reach developing countries soon in a big way. Does anybody know whether this is due to a natural economic circle or it was really meant to happen that way by the so called "secret meeting of bankers and powerful people"?
Re: Looking for business partners. Re: Looking for business partners. - [quote="website_design":3luohdnz]Hello Entrepreneurs, I'm new to this forum. I am from India and looking for business partners and mentors for my ongoing business venture since last five years. Now we are expanding our business with different countries. The business is related to the Software development / website designing / ecommerce solutions /online marketing sector. Anyone who has management skills, entrepreneurship skills or who has experience in the software development sector, feel free to contact me. I am open to any discussion/suggestion and about my plan. Let’s get this business started.[/quote:3luohdnz] I'm always looking for great designers. Do you have a portfolio I could browse? Phil
Are you Self Employed or a Business Woman? Are you Self Employed or a Business Woman? - Us women are especially vulnerable to thinking we can do EVERYTHING ourselves! I'm not immune to this way of thinking either. (It seems to go with the territory of having XX chromosomes and growing up in our North American culture.) Anyhow, this kind of thinking can actually trip us women up when it comes to business. I've heard it said that a true business is something you create that can eventually run by itself. A business is meant to give us freedom and not tie us down. A business works FOR YOU. If you are the one working FOR YOUR BUSINESS, then I invite you to open up to the possibility of using your entrepreneur skills to recreate a business that works for you. When I was first challenged on this concept, it was a huge AHA moment. I am grateful because I realized I was still a little stuck on working harder instead of working smarter. I've opened up to a whole new world of possibility and now I'm thinking MUCH BIGGER than before. I expect my income will be much bigger as well. In all honesty, I've realized that my coaching business has been a glorified job. I will still do coaching because I love to do it, but now I am in the process of developing multiple streams of income that use my time more efficiently and products that sell even while I'm on holidays. I'm also developing a retail store which will eventually mostly run itself. Then I will move on to my next project. It's liberating to be on the path of creating businesses that work FOR me. This is how I can run multiple companies without wearing out! In fact, I plan on having MORE time for me. So, what are you doing? Are you self employed or running a business?


Share this article with your friends. Fund someone's dream.

Leave a comment below or share on the left and you'll help support entrepreneurs in Africa through our partnership with Kiva. Over $50,000 raised and counting - Please keep sharing! Learn more.



Featured Article


Bottom Footer
Share for a Cause












Newsletter

Get advice & tips from famous business
owners, new articles by entrepreneur
experts, my latest website updates, &
special sneak peaks at what's to come!
Name:
Email:
Popular Articles

SEO Gurus, Software and Ebooks

A New Year in the Pharmaceutical Industry

THE “SECRET RECIPES” OF LEADERSHIP

Suggestions

Email us your ideas on how to make our
website more valuable! Thank you Sharon
from Toronto Salsa Lessons / Classes for
your suggestions to make the newsletter
look like the website and profile younger
entrepreneurs like Jennifer Lopez.