What is Accounts Receivable Factoring?
Article Overview: Accounts receivable factoring is a viable funding option for companies experiencing cash flow challenges. In a nutshell, factoring is the process of converting the accounts receivable of a business into cash by selling outstanding invoices to a 'factor' for a discount.
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What is Accounts Receivable Factoring?
Cash flow problems often occur at the early stages of business development or during periods of rapid growth. Cash flow especially becomes a problem in industries where it's typical for completed work to go unpaid for 30, 60, or even 90 days after issuing the invoice. Thus, when growing companies start experiencing growth pains, they first try to apply for small business loans.
However, conventional borrowing increases business expenses and normally requires additional collateral. Some companies-especially smaller ones-are turned down by banks because of loan underwriting criteria. Some companies will also explore the option of equity financing, but this form of funding is generally harder to find than debt financing. And once found, it takes longer to arrange.
Accounts receivable factoring, on the other hand, is a viable funding option for companies experiencing cash flow challenges. In a nutshell, factoring is the process of converting the accounts receivable of a business into cash by selling outstanding invoices to a 'factor' for a discount.
With factoring, instead of depending on the applicant's financial statements, the factoring company focuses on the strength of the client's accounts receivable. In other words, because factoring companies are paid by the applicant's customers (account debtors), factors are most concerned with the creditworthiness of the applicant's customers. If the applicant's company has a product or service that it provides to a creditworthy customer, then the business is a good candidate for invoice factoring.
It's important to note that invoice funding does not create debt or require additional collateral. It is very simple to use. What could take weeks or months to be approved for funding from a more traditional lender, takes 3-5 business days in the world of factoring. Cash advances from 80% of the invoiced amount, depending on the customers and the business volume, can normally be obtained in 24 hours or less on an ongoing basis. In addition, funding occurs as long as a business has outstanding invoices and needs more cash, and as long as the business is selling to credit-worthy account debtors.
Maintaining a healthy cash flow via accounts receivable factoring provides a growing business with the working capital it needs to pay salaries, reduce debt, improve vendor relations and focus on critical success factors-operations, sales and growth.
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In-depth understanding of Cash-flow
- Accounts Payable and Receivable can get a lot of businesses in trouble. You really do need to be careful to ensure you don't come unstuck.
Having a credit card or overdraft facility can help in these circumstances though.
Evaluating a franchise: questions to ask yourself
- Here are a few questions you may want to ask yourself before buying a franchise:
- How much capital do I have to invest?
- What is the value of my liquid assets?
- Do I require a specific level of annual income?
- Am I interested in pursuing a particular field?
- Am I interested in retail sales or performing a service?
- Do I want a part-time or fulltime opportunity?
- How many hours am I willing to work?
- Do I want to operate the business yourself or hire a manager?
- Do I want to have employees?
- Do I want to have inventories?
- Do I want to have Accounts Receivables?
- Will franchise ownership be my primary source of income or will it supplement my current income?
- Would I be happy operating the business for the next 10 years?
- Would I like to own several outlets or only one?
What do you do to give back?
- I'm launching new section of the site for social entrepreneurship and our first category is going to be called African Accounts. The goal with the project is to raise awareness of African entrepreneurs and showcase that entrepreneurship can be the path to achieving sustainable development. This has always been a passion of mine and I have done a number of talks around the world on this subject so I'm excited to bring it online as well.
We have recruited some of the top bloggers in the world who focus on African entrepreneurship and are preparing additional resources.
I believe that a big part of running a business is being socially responsible and giving back - even if it's donating your time to an organization or small amounts of money or products. You don't have to be mega-successful to make a difference.
What are some of the things you are doing to give back to the community around you?
Different Types of Funding
- Finance for business can be obtained through a number of different sources.
Let's review some of those channels to help you decide what's right for your business needs:
Grants
There are over 930 different EU and UK grants and loans available from over 100 issuing bodies. This is the cheapest form of finance and an important part of the funding package that companies and individuals need. We can help you find your way through this maze.
Technology
Micro Projects: 50% of eligible costs up to £20,000
Research project: For a technical and feasibility study of an innovative idea for new technology 60% of costs up to a grant of £75,000.
Development project: For development up to pre production 35% of costs up to a grant of £200,000
Developing an innovative idea: valuable for small companies and individuals at the start of a technical project: 75% of costs of hiring a mentor and consultants.
Export
To start exporting or moving into new markets grants of 50% of costs up to £20,000 each.
Training and Education
Knowledge Transfer Partnerships, Achieving Best Practice in Your Business, Investors in People
Modern Apprenticeships
New Deal for various grants.
Environment
BOC Foundation for the Environment: 25% to 50% of Project cost, typically £20,000 to £100,000
Clean up Fund: Emission reducing equipment up to 75% of cost
Community Chest Fund: Up to £25,000 for projects near active SITA sites
High Impact Fund: £150,000+ for larger projects near SITA sites
Assisted Areas
Regional assistance grants of between 10 and 35% for capital expenditure in less favoured areas of the UK.
Loans
Loans are an excellent source of finance if you have suitable security to borrow against or a reliable earnings stream. This needs to be planned and presented well to obtain funds.
Credit cards
Provides up to 56 days free credit if you play the game!
Overdraft
Banks are surprisingly supportive when presented with a well thought through plan and competent management.
Bank Loans
Lenders tend to look for a good business plan and security. Typically the loan is approved by a centralised back office function rather than the person you meet. Terms and rates depend upon the risk. Repayments can be very flexible to meet your specific needs.
Mortgages
These can include flexible repayment terms to meet your business needs. This can even be incorporated into your overdraft finance so that you have one flexible account for both personal/ business mortgages and overdraft
Small Firms Loan Guarantee Scheme
Up to two years trading: Up to £100,000
Over two years trading: Up to £250,000
However these are difficult to obtain and are a loan of last resort.
Export Guarantee Scheme
This is government backed insurance against appropriate export documentation.
Mezzanine
This is a halfway house between loan and equity. It can be an innovative way of raising funds for the more established business. Mostly for expansion capital.
Equity
This is not as easy as the papers would have you know. Only 1% of business plans received by Venture Capital Funds are successful. However, a good business proposition consisting of a strong demand for the product or service, management track record and a sound financial plan will enhance the chance of success.
Business Angels
These are high net worth individuals who are successful businessmen looking for investment opportunities. They can provide both time expertise and money. Typical investment size is £25,000 to £250,000 but can go as high as £2m for the right opportunity. Exit within 3-5 years.
Venture Capital
These are investment funds seeking high rates of return. However typically investments are over a million pounds. Some funds are targeted at lower amounts depending upon the sector and region. These funds are looking for exponential capital growth over 3-5 years.
Asset backed finance
This can cover machinery, sales invoices even sales orders. It can be a very flexible source of finance to the growing business
Leasing
This will cover your capital expenditure and spread the cost over a three to five year period. It is particularly useful if you do not have taxable profits to maximise your capital allowances.
Sale and leaseback of a property you own is another good source of funds.
Factoring
Factoring offers a sales ledger administration and debt collection service. Up to 95% of an approved sales invoice is paid within 48 hours, quicker if required. Credit protection is also available to protect against a bad debt. The Factor will own and place a first charge over the book debts and they might also take other charges, depending upon the strength of the financial information.
Invoice discounting
Invoice Discounting can be Confidential or Disclosed; it depends upon the strength of the financial information. The service is the same as Factoring, except that the sales ledger administration and the debt collection is the responsibility of the client and not the Factor. Pre payment of the approved sales invoice is still up to 95% and the factor will still have a first charge on the book debt and therefore own the debt. This service can also have credit protection cover. All sales invoices need to be for a business to business debt, and some proof of delivery is generally required.
Trade Finance
This is funding provided against stock purchases, signed contracts and orders whereby the funder will prepay a certain percentage of the value
Pension fund
It may be possible to use your pension funds for a loan back to the business
What do u think about it?
Re: Using factoring companies
- [quote="BigJim22":3e4n6n63]I haven't used it myself but can see how it would be valuable for some entrepreneurs. It's hard when you get an order but don't get paid until 30, 60, or 90 days later. But it's also hard to give up $ to the factoring companies![/quote:3e4n6n63]
..."But it's also hard to give up $ to the factoring companies!"
Great comment, Jim! However, it's not as hard as it may appear from the outside.
Unfortunately, there is no free meal ticket with any financing option (other than gov. grants). The real question regarding the financial viability of factoring is this: I have 2 checks for you; one is for $100 and you can have that one in a month; the other one pays you $80 now plus another $15 in a month.
Yes, you net 5 cents less on the dollar with option 2, but if you can take the first $80 now and turn them into $90 or $100 (e.g. more sales!) in a month, then you've not only off-set the loss but actually grown your top and bottom line.
Factoring is really much more like running a price promotion. Just look at all the sales events that are happening daily. Companies discount their goods by 10% - 75% only to sell more volume. What are the costs of these programs?
Another good example are credit cards! If you as a merchant accept credit card payments from your customer, you're already paying 2% - 5% of each sale to the credit card company. That's the same principle as factoring!
Or how many businesses offer a 2% net 10 days discount to their customers, only for them to pay within 10 days? By the way, I can beat those 2% net 10 hands down with our factoring rate!
And then there are traditional loans.... you always have to pay back the principal AND interest periodically, no mattter how the business is doing. With our factoring programs there is no principal or interest to be paid back, and the "cost of factoring" is tied to sales and cash flow (i.e., when an invoice actually gets paid and after you have already received the money).
The objective truth is that factoring is not the right solution for everybody. Used wrongly or irresponsibly, it can do a lot of damage to a company. But used for the right reason and under the right circumstances, a good factor and factoring program will do miracles for a company's growth (or survival). And in these situations, the $ that go to the factoring company become totally moot. It will truly be the famous win-win.
Best,
Ralf
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