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Psychological Style Theories: What They Are, and Why They Matter
| Guest post by: Gary Jordan, Ph.D. |
Article Overview: By getting a handle on the basic, fundamental differences between different psychological styles, we can increase our appreciation for human diversity and reduce our conflicts with those who see the world differently than ourselves.
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Free Download - Success Psychology: The Freedom to Be Yourself By Gary Jordan, Ph.D. |
Psychological Style Theories: What They Are, and Why They Matter
We all know that different
people see the world differently. Sometimes we find those differences
appealing. At other times, the differences between ourselves and others are an
irritating source of conflict. But rarely, in either case, do we take the time
to understand just what it is that accounts for the fundamental diversity of
human perspectives.
Psychological style theories
were designed to help us make sense of this diversity by grouping people by
commonalities according to their habits, behaviors, and priorities. This, in
turn, can help us to increase our appreciation for the differences between
ourselves and others and decrease the amount of conflict we experience as a
result of these differences.
Most style theories are based
on the four temperaments that were introduced by Hippocrates, modified by
Plato, and further developed by Galen – all before 190 AD. These four
temperaments have been given many names along the way:
–
Hippocrates (370 BCE) called them Blood, Black
Bile, Yellow Bile and Phelm (all such appealing labels from the father of
medicine)
–
Plato (340 BCE) called them Artistic, Sensible,
Intuitive, and Reasoning (labels for the thinking man)
–
Aristotle (325 BCE) called them Iconic, Pistic,
Noetic, and Dianoetic (very philosophic)
–
Galen (190 AD) called them Sanguine,
Melancholic, Choleric, and Phlegmatic (another medical perspective)
–
Paracelsus (1550 AD) called them Salamanders,
Gnomes, Nymph, and Sylphs (pioneer of chemicals and minerals in medicine…need
we say more?)
–
Kretschmer (1920) called them Manic, Depressive,
Oversensitive, and Insensitive (psychology creeps in)
–
Keirsey (1978) Artisan, Guardian, Idealist,
Rational (the modern revision)
Many of the most popular
assessments in use today describe a person’s psychological style as a mixture
of attributes from each of the four basic types. Others use bi-polar continuums
(e.g. feeling v. thinking, dominance v. compliance, rationalist v idealist,
etc.) and describe style as the combination of an individual’s placement on
each of these continuums. The use of combinations and continuums allows types
to gently slide from one to the next, which allows people to believe that their
psychological style is based on their situation, leaving them without an explanation
to why they experience irreconcilable differences with others.
After all, if our psychological
style can change from day to day, why do we keep encountering the same types of
problems with the same types of people?
Our research with the Perceptual Style Theory (PST) supports
a different understanding – that each person’s psychological style is innate
and unchanging. This style describes who a person is in a fundamental way,
rather than in a surface way that changes from one circumstance to the next.
The six Perceptual Styles do not exist on a
continuum in which one gradually slides into the next, but reflect six
distinctly different perceptually based psychological experiences of the world,
each supporting an incredible range of natural capacities, skills and
abilities.
PST,
by stating that each Perceptual Style
represents a unique perceptual experience, provides an individual with an
opportunity to understand the differences between people without judgment.
Those differences are real, meaning they truly reflect differences in how the
world is perceived, and acknowledging them tends to lead people to an increased
understanding and appreciation of different points of view. This also helps
avoid the need to view people’s differences as due to stupidity or
stubbornness, or as just plain wrong.
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About the Author: Gary Jordan, Ph.D. RSS for Gary's articles - Visit Gary's website Gary Jordan, Ph.D., has over 27 years of experience in clinical
psychology, behavioral assessment, individual development, and coaching.
He earned his doctorate in Clinical Psychology from the California
School of Professional Psychology – Berkeley. He is co-creator of
Perceptual Style Theory, a revolutionary psychological assessment system
that teaches people how to unleash their deepest potentials for success.
He’s a partner at Vega Behavioral Consulting, Ltd., a consulting firm
that specializes in helping people discover their true skills and
talents. For free information on how to succeed as an entrepreneur or
coach, create a thriving business and build your bottom line doing more
of what you love, visit www.YourTalentAdvantage.com
Click here to visit Gary's website   StrengthsBased Coaching Creating Real Impact for Clients The 6 Perceptual Styles What We Value and How We See the World The Goals Style The 6 Perceptual Styles What We Value and How We See the World The Flow Person Is Your Life Messing With Your Mind Letting Your Natural Skills Take the Lead The 6 Perceptual Styles What We Value and How We See the World The Vision Style |
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