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7 Reasons Your Startup Will Fail (And Lessons Learned From Those Who Succeed)

Guest post by: Nathan Beckord

Article Overview: Whether a startup succeeds or fails is often the result of internal traits found in a company's culture. In this article, we have identified the most common elements or "predictors" of failure, as well as the contrasting traits found in startups who succeed. Topics include: Culture of Urgency vs. Culture of Slow, Aiming for Perfection, Paranoia, 'Build It And They Will Come', Planning vs. Action, and Genetic Makeup of Team.

7 Reasons Your Startup Will Fail (And Lessons Learned From Those Who Succeed)

It's an unfortunate reality: most startup companies fail within their first two years.

Here at VentureArchetypes, we work with startups to develop sound strategies and tactical, goals-driven business plans. Yet despite our best efforts and the valiant attempts by the entrepreneurs who hire us, a meaningful fraction of our clients succumb to the pull of gravity, crash, and burn before getting off the ground.

Having been at this game awhile, and having honed pretty decent pattern recognition skills, I can usually predict with a high degree of accuracy whether a company will "make it" after only a few weeks of working together. Here are the most common traits found in startups that fail, as well as a few best practices gleaned from those who succeed:

A Culture of Slow: The first indicator of a company's success is the speed at which the founding team operates. The reason is simple: startups have the benefit of being fast and nimble; remove these traits and you remove a huge competitive advantage. Large firms have greater resources-e.g., more access to talent and capital-but are weighed down by sluggish decision-making and bureaucracy. Startups, by nature of their lean structure, can adjust rapidly and can often "win" by innovating and responding to customer needs faster.

Slow startups on the fail-track operate at a pace resembling their big-company peers (sometimes due to too much big-company DNA on the resumes of management). They take a long time to make decisions, are slow to respond to inquiries, and hold too many non-essential meetings. In short, slow startups lack a culture of urgency. A key fail-track warning sign: frequent excuses of why something hasn't been done yet or can't be done (and a cultural acceptance of such excuses).

In contrast, fast startups seize opportunities immediately as they arise-even if it means responding to an email at 10 PM or working through a long weekend to deliver on a customer request. They have a cadence of work that emphasizes frequent product releases, short meetings, shared accountability for hitting milestones, and rapid decision-making (even without all available information).

Further, they create their own opportunities by paddling out in anticipation of where the next wave will be, and by trying new things. They realize it's ok when experiments fail, because being nimble means they can bounce back and try again. Simply put, fast startups value time differently, and have a culture marked by rapid plan-test-refine cycles; this is at the core of any startup's advantage.

Fear of Flying: One of the most dispiriting experiences is when a company never actually gets to market; or, by the time the company finally does launch, the market has passed them by and their product is irrelevant. In such cases, a huge amount of money and talent is often wasted, unnecessarily.

Sometimes this is due to poor planning-e.g., underestimating the time required for product development. But in many cases, startup founders get obsessed with building the "perfect mousetrap," fearing the market or press will skewer them if the product is not up to their impossibly high standards. This becomes exacerbated in a competitive space, when other firms are making noise, and product-release paralysis sets in.

In my experience, this is largely a psychological issue; wise founders "let go" and realize that Version 1.0 is just the beginning, not the finish line. Success-track founders get to market early with the minimum set of viable features, and then iterate like mad based on user feedback. If needed, they slap a "Beta" stamp on the product, which brings a greater level of acceptance of bugs or rough edges. In short, they are guided by the knowledge that the benefits of reaching perfection far outweigh the costs of missing a market window.

No Supporting Marketing Cover: Second only to the dismay felt when a startup idea becomes stillborn is when the company actually does get into the market, but after initial launch, the product languishes, collects dust, and is soon forgotten. Opportunity lost.

This is most common with startup founding teams that are heavy on the technical prowess but short on marketing skills. Technical teams sometimes underestimate the true level of effort required to not only get attention and mindshare, but also to convert such attention into actual, paying customers. It is the classic "build it and they will come" fallacy.

The good news is that even highly technical engineers can become skilled at marketing fairly quickly. Technical founders-the builders-have a pride and passion for the product that cannot be taught. Further they have more credibility with other techies, who are often the earliest adopters or beta users. The key is to first gain a basic grasp of marketing strategy-where do your customers spend their time? How do they make buying decisions?-and then to develop a simple, flexible marketing plan with discrete action steps, timelines, and milestones, as well as a way to measure effectiveness. And then, just do it. Get out there and pitch, honing your message as you go, and doubling down on the marketing activities that demonstrate a positive ROI. If you are able to simultaneously pitch and listen attentively, it's remarkable how short the learning curve can be.

Those are the Big 3 fail-traps; we're going to pick up the pace here and cover four more in short order:

Unfocused: Fail-track startups try to "boil the ocean" and compete on the depth and breadth of their product feature set. This is a losing proposition from the start-startups are, by definition, resource-constrained. Most startups that go down this path run out of money. By comparison, success-track startups strip out all non-essential bells and whistles. They focus with a laser-like intensity on the most pressing needs of the most attainable customer base, while retaining the vision for broader markets and verticals as resources allows. They do just one or two things, but they do them exceedingly well.

Paranoid: Fail-track startups are unnaturally cautious. They are convinced that around every corner, someone is plotting to steal their idea. As a result, their ‘story' is kept close to the vest. An early fail-track indicator is when the CEO requires an NDA before he can give even a high level overview of what the company does. In every single instance in which I've seen this behavior, the companies never go anywhere.

While you should never give away true IP or trade secrets, a primary job duty of the CEO is to pitch and sell the vision of the company-all day, all the time, to (almost) anyone who will listen. Success-track startups realize that execution-not the idea-will win the game. They are judiciously open with their vision, and they have an evangelizing ability to get stakeholders-customers, partners, investors, potential hires, etc.-to rally around that vision.

Theoretical: Similar to the "culture of slow" is the "culture of theoretical." Fail-track startups tend to devote too much time to theorizing and hypothesizing, and not enough time doing. They defer decisions to wait for more information, and they spend a lot of time in meetings and at off-sites. Granted, brainstorming and forming a cohesive strategy is necessary, valuable, and important, but unless it leads to action and output, it is wasted time-something no startup has the luxury of. Success-track startups follow the "iceberg model"-for every bit of ice visible above water (strategy), there is a huge amount of supporting ice floating underneath (action).

Bad Genes: A generally accepted maxim is that a company's culture or DNA is set by the time it hires its fifth or sixth employee. Fail-track startups hire based on who's cheap or available. As a result, they hire B-players. Success-track startups maintain a greater level of hiring discipline, and "hire smart," holding out for A-players. The effects are magnified as the business scales, since A-players attract other A-players, while B-players (who are less capable or confident in their roles) tend to attract other B- or C-players.

Hiring smart has many other elements to it, such as the aforementioned culture of speed-i.e.., can each new hire keep up? If not, they should be weeded out before they slow down the overall average pace of the tribe. Success-track founders also know to hire people more intelligent than themselves and to give them free rein to run with the ball. Ultimately, this helps the founding CEO retain his or her job; shifting responsibility to an A-team means the CEO can spend more time on strategic issues and less time on micromanagement.

In sum, these are the most common patterns I've seen at companies that don't make it. Notice that they are all internal traits of an organization. Granted, external factors also play a role in determining outcome-markets shift and funding environments change-but in general, failure most often comes from within.

Ask yourself-or ask your advisors, if you are too close to the action-if any of these traits are present in your organization. Recognizing these traits, before they become ingrained, is the critical first step; the good news is that most can be remedied or eliminated with sufficient self-awareness and perseverance.

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Article Tags: reasons startups fail, startup, startup culture, startup success, startup success factors, startups



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Re: 10 Reasons Who Startups Fail & Book Recommendations - Great post,but please edit the headline. I presume it is "10 Reasons Why Startups Fail & Book Recommendation
Napoleon on Project Management - Why do I include this in a list of books aimed at female entrepreneurs? Well...in the expectation that there are as many female history buffs as male ones, and in the belief that anyone interested in history will find this book fascinating, while those interested in project management will learn a thing or two. I think this was the first "gimmick" book - an author using a historical figure (usually a male, military figure, it must be admitted) to talk about modern day business management. I refuse to read any of the kind that advocates - even obliquely - the techniques of the Sopranos or the Mossad - but these military ones are pretty fun. Anyway: Only in the understanding of history, Napoleon might say, do we gain an understanding of strategy in the present. In the same spirit, Napoleon on Project Management offers the recipe for successfully managing your commitments using the strategies, tactics and priorities that propelled Napoleon himself to victory. [The book doesn't gloss over how Napolean eventually fell in defeat, of course, and there's lessons to be learned there as well. TOC Foreword by Douglas James Allan (Napoleanic Society of America) 1. The Rise to Power -The Skills to Succeed -A Compelling Vision -Diplomacy and Networking -Lessons from the Great Campaigns 2. Napoleon's 6 Winning Principles -Introduction -Exactitude -Speed -Flexibility -Simplicity -Character -Moral Force 3. The Downfall -What Went Wrong -Lessons from the Russian Invasion and Waterloo -The Four Critical Warning Signs -Napoleon's Legacy
300 rules! - 300 was my favorite movie of 2007 and Kevin you did a great job in highlighting the Business Lessons from the Movie.
Re: What inspires you? - Another inspiring thing is which I really likes "Most People Fail because, their dreams are small". Most people like to engage with something or teh other. If they can truly listen to their inner voice and work towards achieving it, then you can see "miracle in action". So, big changes happen, when you think BIG. If you cannot to think BIG, you cannot do BIG things too. Robert
Re: Books for Business Owners - Hi DougSchadle, Thanks for sharing your favorite business book with us! A good book I'm reading now is "Maximum Achievement: Strategies and Skills That Will Unlock Your Hidden Powers to Succeed" by Brian Tracy as it was a birthday gift from a friend. Tracy's book is helpful in identifying what's important in your life and then setting an action plan to achieve it.


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